Neutrality in psychoanalysis Essays

Neutrality in psychoanalysis Essays Neutrality in psychoanalysis Essay Neutrality in psychoanalysis Essay Batman. When read, the image of a superhero with a profound power devoted to helping others comes to mind. Defined by the Complete Scoundrel sourcebook (McArtor Schneider, 2007) as a neutral good character, Batman adheres to a personal code, in which he is unbiased in doing good, while remaining unindebted to those he helps. This personal code was devised to maintain a greater good in society by providing a set of guiding principles that aid in making moral decisions and is followed when fighting crime. Psychoanalysts draw many parallels with Batman. Psychoanalysts are also devoted to helping others and follow a set of principles when in practice. An essential part of the psychoanalytic code is neutrality. According to Meissner (1998) neutrality has been long honored as an essential component of the [psycho]analytic situation and process (p. 1089). The concept of neutrality has recently been the basis of highly controversial debate. Emphasis has been placed on the interactions of the analyst, in particular the use of self-disclosures. Analysts have examined the outcomes of neutrality and self-disclosure in the analytical process. These authors have purported mixed stances. Some analysts have advocated neutrality. Others have endorsed self-disclosure (e. g. , Mills, 2005; Shill, 2004; Meissner, 1998). It will be argued that, similarly to Batman, it is advantageous to adhere to guiding principles, and therefore maintain neutrality as an analyst. Primarily, Freud felt strongly about psychoanalysis as a science and attempted to establish its analytical objectivity. In his paper (1912), Freud utilized the metaphor of a surgeon, who set aside all feelings and beliefs to retain uninterrupted concentration, in order to convey that the analyst should be someone who rearticulates and annotates the patients comments while remaining non-pejorative. Added to this metaphor, Freud explained the concept of a mirror, which has since become synonymous with neutrality and abstinence . In contrast, Ferenczi attempted to promote psychoanalysis on a more interpersonal and interactive level. In consultations with patients, Ferenczi expressed an empathetic attunement and warmth to the patient, sharing feelings, thoughts and observations that were not only related to the therapy, but also his personal life (Meissner, 1998). This synergism between patient and therapist, wherein Ferenczi disclosed to patients, was a direct challenge to the principles of neutrality, consequently resulting in the main theoretical impetus for the movement towards a more interactive analytical process. The Freud-Ferenczi, neutral-interpersonal, debate has continued throughout the history of analytic treatment. The patients autonomy, guidance towards the analytic process, and the influence on interventions are aspects of the analytic process which have been scrutinized. According to Greenberg (1986), neutralism maximizes the patients autonomy in the analytical process. As the patient engages in giving an account of the illness or condition, a detailed inquest is recorded by the therapist. The patients role is organized by the prerequisite of the freedom to express and this is counterbalanced with the analysts prerequisite, which is structured to sanction, listening and understanding (Mills, 2005). There is a synergic effect from roles of both the patients and analysts, and this establishes a vehicle for destabilizing the neurotic equilibrium. On the other hand, the analyst can participate more in the analytic process by self-disclosing.   Argued that interactions, such as self-disclosure, are two-fold. Firstly, the patient participates less and important areas of the account may be obscured. Secondly, without open expression and interaction from the analyst, the patient may feel inhibited to further explore personal affects. However, this prompting may be problematic. The patient may be more likely conform to, rather than challenge, the ideas of the analyst and consequently providing a false account (Shill, 2004). Analytical neutrality can overcome this fault. As a result of maximum concentration, the analyst can easily identify the areas that require attention when conducting the analysis. The analyst can probe these areas by asking carefully devised questions in order to o pen dialogue allowing for greater self-examination by the patient. In light of this solution, analytic neutrality is advantageous to self-disclosure techniques as neutrality can empower [the patient], rather than encourag[e] a dependency on analyst as problem solver (McIlwain, 2007). Likewise, the code of Batman not only maximizes his autonomy in fighting crime, it also provides a medium in which he can control and channel his attention towards doing good. Just as Batmans code offers guidance in how to handle foes, neutrality is also acts guiding ideal that is formed and informs all of the analysts actions and attitudes in the analytic process (McWilliams, 2003). Contrast to the rigid constraint on human responsiveness as depicted by Meissner (1998), the neutral analytic structure establishes a vital contribution to the integrity and nature of the methodological process. Freud noted the analytic process is defined by transference, which involves a distortion of reality. Neutrality and abstinence permits the transference to unfold relatively uninfluenced by direction from the analyst. This provides the analysis with the internal freedom required to observe the patients distortions in reality. Alternatively, self-disclosures offer an external means to the analyst in probing transference. Whereas neutrality guides the analyst in conducting the analytic process, the interpersonal approach lacks an analogous reference point. This attenuates the analytic process as the interactions and disclosures of the therapist remain unguided. In order to establish the use of self-disclosures as an alternative analytical technique, it is necessary to delineate a protocol in which to match various analytic circumstances to appropriate self-disclosures, albeit a non verbatim procedure (Roberts, 1997). Therefore, neutrality as a principle plays a significant role in guiding the therapist in the analytical process and is advantageous to interpersonal techniques such as self-disclosures. However, according to critics it is impossible to observe neutrality in an analytical relationship. Shill (2004) regards analytic neutralism as ill-conceived as the implicated subjectivity is irreducible and the analyst is provided with unwarranted authority. Similarly, academics (e. g. Mills, 2005) which support interpersonal approaches with patients argue that, even in a neutral context, the analyst inevitably has expectations for the patient that can influence the intervention (McWilliams, 2003). In an attempt to provide a solution to this challenge, one can propose that neutrality may serve as the foundations upon which the analyst can gain a deeper understanding of their personal expectations and how these may impact upon the intervention. Rosenfarb (2010) suggested that whilst probing a patient , neutrality may allow for the identification of areas that require attention when formulating the intervention. This can be juxtaposed to the subjective intrusions that occur with self-disclosing techniques. Not only do self-disclosing techniques interfere with how the patient is examined, they can also result in the denial of appropriate interventions (Shill, 2004). The inevitable expectations that psychoanalysts usually have for their patients may have a significant influence on intervention. However, the use of neutrality may be essential when devising appropriate interventions for the patient. Another criticism is that the analytical neutrality tends to disengage the patient from the analyst (Meissner, 1998). Some critics suggest that although neutrality remains equidistant from the requirements of the drives, ego, and superego, it does not preclude the existence of the intent of the therapy (Greenberg, 1986). Alternatively, proponents of neutrality assert that although neutrality may be passive in nature, there is still involvement between patient and analyst (Mills, 2007). One can suggest that as the participant-observer relationship exists, in the essence that the analyst inevitably interacts with the patient, neutrality precludes disengagement the patient. In conclusion, the patients autonomy, guidance towards the analytic process, and the influence on interventions are aspects of the analytic process in which neutrality is advantageous to self-disclosing techniques. Through thorough evaluation it is evident that, similarly to Batmans personal code which acts as a guiding force in his assignment to fighting crime, neutrality functions to guide the analysts in the analytic process. With adherence to a code which is intended to non-pejoratively help others, one can conclude that psychoanalysts are Batman.

Expository Essay Writing

Expository Essay Writing Here are the main steps to follow when writing an expository essay. An expository essay is a type of paper, in which a student is supposed to set a concrete argument and then support it within the text. It is strongly recommended to plan your paper before writing it. The writer needs to find a good analytical question and create a powerful thesis statement. The main goals of an expository essay may be expressed by the following statements: An expository essay performs the analysis of a concrete concept. An expository essay is about an event, a situation or a scientific work. An expository essay explains some instructions  or describes how things should be done. To get a complete answer to the question What is an expository essay?, read our article on this topic: What Is an Expository Essay? Below are some tips for expository writing from our professional writers. 6  Steps of Expository Essay Writing Expository essays need to follow a specific pattern. Here are steps a student needs to take in order to create a substantial expository essay. Step 1:  Keep the main topic in sight. The topic is expected to be easy enough but try not to make it too general or too narrow. And if you have a choice of the subject, try something interesting and new. Select a topic which is exciting to read and avoid those ones that are difficult to write on. Step 2:  Collect the facts, do the background research. In the first place remember to mention the facts from reliable sources like peer-reviewed journals, books, and newspapers. It is a great idea to use statistics, research findings, chronicles of previous events and historical facts – everything that will provide your reader with a broad picture of the topic you have chosen. Step 3:  Define your thesis statement. Try to use this statement in the first paragraph. You may also mention your thesis statement in the last sentence of your essay. If you put it in your first paragraph, you should dwell on it in greater detail in subsequent sentences. If you decide to put the statement at the end, make sure the sentences preceding it are logically connected with one another, and gradually lead the reader to your thesis statement. Step 4:  Group the facts in body paragraphs.  Each body paragraph should offer one main idea. Use relevant facts and figures in each body paragraph. Avoid repeating same facts in different paragraphs. Step 5:  Use transition sentences between paragraphs. You should finish one paragraph logically and then transit into the next one, making your entire text coherent and logical. If you dont do this, your essay will lose its flow and structure. Step 6:  Make a conclusion.The conclusion of the essay sums up the essay and reiterates its main thoughts. Try not to repeat what you mentioned in your introduction to avoid redundancy in your text. Now when you are familiar with the main steps of expository writing, lets choose the topic for an expository essay: 50 Most Popular Expository Essay Topics Knowing the main rules and principles of expository essay writing you will be able to create excellent expository essays. If you have questions or still need additional clarification,  contact us, please. If you need your expository essay to be written and well-structured, place an order.  

British and French Colonies. Claire Denis Chocolat (1988) Essay

British and French Colonies. Claire Denis Chocolat (1988) - Essay Example One of her best memories was about their family’s house help whose name was Protee. He possessed a number of desirable traits which included being noble, handsome and extremely intelligent. This movie has a rich history about the colonial empires and it offers a lot of information about the French racial tensions and conflicts and that is the key focus of the following essay. This form of manipulation was portrayed in form of actions occurring in the fields rather than verbally. The French colonists practiced racism both publicly and privately. This was as a result of different people living in different areas and under different circumstances. The movie portrays a very serene environment where France and her family under the care of their father who was a captain in the French army (Beugnet, 2004). Their servants faced racial discrimination both in the house and in the fields. This was clearly manifested by the way the servants, who were all black Africans, were being treated . For example, the servants were forced to do everything in the public, which included taking a shower and eating among others. This was very immoral and unjust according to the societal norms. On the other hand, the whites did everything in private, including sleeping in their bedrooms, bathing in the bathrooms and eating in the dining rooms among others. The French colonial empire also caused unnecessary sexual attraction between members of the opposite sex. This was clearly manifested by Protee, the young boy servant and Aimee. The two were noted to like each other as a result of Aimee always seeing Protee taking a bath in the open field in front of the house. This sexual desire was as a result of the immoral actions brought about by colonialism. This state had both positive and negative effects on the subjects, for the poor little servant, it was a form of humiliation having to be seen naked all the time he decided to take a bath. On the flip side, it also had some positive effe cts, as from it, Aimee developed feelings towards him. The idea of having the power to rule over others led to a lot of conflicts and tensions both within and outside the house. For example, in the kitchen, the black African cook and Aimee had issues due to language barrier and power prevelance. Shatranj Ke Khilari (The Chess Players) The film is focused on various aspects that are characterized by social, political and economic elements in India in the beginning of the 19th century. The events that are focused on the movie are mainly drawn from the eve of the rebellion of India against the British powers in the year 1857 (Dube, 2005). These events included appropriation of the kingdom of Awadh by the British powers, politics that surrounded the development of the East India Company which was owned by the British colony and also the inevitable splitting up of the Indian royals. The film is composed of two stories that run concurrently. One is the story of the invasion of the Indian kingdoms by the British colonial powers and the second one is the reaction of two inseparable friends who are deep lovers of Chess. The two friends are so much into the game of chess to a point that they neglect their vital responsibilities including their families. The two go into exile to a village that is untroubled by the rising events caused by the invasion of the British colony so that they can play Chess in peace. The movie brings out various perceptions about the British colonial powers which include their superiority, friendliness and wealthy. The

Response Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Response Paper - Essay Example The readings by Colin H. Kahl, gives a clear definition of conflicts that can lead to physical aggression. It is also suggests reasons why political concepts such as ecologic security are unable to deal with problems resulting from transformation. The paper tries to explore the evidence and arguments expresses in other articles to propose as well as oppose the notion. Since the year 1990, Kenya as a country has gone through an obvious decay in security human condition from the mushrooming insignificant transgression to the start of ethnic cleansing. The local and the worldwide press frequently discuss the incident of the ever rising cases of criminal offenses and insecurity. The reading disaggregates the different forms and localities that bloodshed took place and the dynamics that binds them. Problematizing the relations between the state and the society transcends beyond the state incapability to uphold security in the country. At times this plays a role in encouraging and at times aggressively incites violence. Environmental degradation relates directly to political stability in a country. In the past civil and over the past several decades, civil and tribal wars have destabilized the chances for economical advancement as well as political development in the developing countries. This resulted to loss of lives of many citizens while some were left homeless as in the case in Kenya during ethnic violence in 1991(Foucault et al 2009). Statistics shows that demographic and ecological challenges coupled with interactions between the population increase, ecological degradation and rising scarcities of fundamental natural aspects of survival signify the cause of wars in the present world. Kahl suggests that the situation leads to tension in the work places thus leading to massive pressure on the societal groupings and the government. This issue has resulted to increase in occurrence of armed conflict in the developing countries. He

Should Parents Be Obliged to Immunise Their Children Against Childhood Diseases Essay Example for Free

Should Parents Be Obliged to Immunise Their Children Against Childhood Diseases Essay Some people argue that the state does not have the right to make parents immunise their children. However, I feel the question is not whether they should immunise but whether, as members of society, they have the right not to. Preventative medicine has proved to be the most effective way of reducing the incidence of fatal childhood diseases. As a result of the widespread practice of immunising young children in our society, many lives have been saved and the diseases have been reduced to almost zero. In previous centuries children died from ordinary illnesses such as influenza and tuberculosis and because few people had immunity, the diseases spread easily. Diseases such as dysentery were the result of poor hygiene but these have long been eradicated since the arrival of good sanitation and clean water. Nobody would suggest that we should reverse this good practice now because dysentery has been wiped out. Serious diseases such as polio and smallpox have also been eradicated through national immunisation programmes. In consequence, children not immunised are far less at risk in this disease-free society than they would otherwise be. Parents choosing not to immunise are relying on the fact that the diseases have already been eradicated. If the number of parents choosing not to immunise increased, there would be a similar increase in the risk of the diseases returning. Immunisation is not an issue like seatbelts which affects only the individual. A decision not to immunise will have widespread repercussions for the whole of society and for this reason, I do not believe that individuals have the right to stand aside. In my opinion immunisation should be obligatory.

The Garden Essay -- Agriculture, South Central Urban Farm

The Garden, a documentary about the South Central urban farm, demonstrates the plight of the disadvantaged; it sheds light on decisions, made by the city of Los Angeles, which did not take into account the struggles and the livelihood of the three hundred farmers who planted crops to feed their families on plots of land in the South Central Farm. The city’s usage of eminent domain and the seizure of the land that leads to the destruction of the South Central Farm—which provided sustenance for more than three hundred local families—is an example of corruption in the government that further creates an hourglass economy. The Garden, which tells the story of three South Central families who fight against corruption to save their farms, unmasks the true story behind the destruction of the South Central Farm. This documentary reveals how political corruption along with personal greed further disrupts the growth of an economically disadvantaged community, allowing the v iewer to experience the emotions and struggled that are undermined by mainstream media. This political documentary allows the viewer to analyze the South Central Farm crisis through its moving presentation of how the farmers struggle to have their voices heard against politicians who refuse to listen. The Garden, exposes the blindness of the politicians to the struggles of the underprivileged in a way that allows the viewer empathize with the farmers The interview of the families delves into their backgrounds, creating a well rounded character that all can relate too. The depiction of the empowerment the farmers feel when they have land to work and food to grow appeals to the audience’s sense of justice. These farmers who live all their lives in uncertainty of being abl... ...s happening in society. This documentary would make the viewer feel that he should lobby the Los Angeles City council to better manage Eminent Domain cases so that the poor and the powerless are protected against the rich and the powerful, such as Horowitz. Documentaries are a powerful tool. By exploring personal and anecdotal perspectives, Documentaries such a The Garden successfully informs people about the political and cultural circumstances in a crisis. Albeit modern day documentaries, appeal to the sensationalism of a mainstream audience that leads to the fudging of some facts, it also leads educates the viewer about a particular problem instead of leaving them ignorant of a particular political crisis. People need not take documentaries at face value, but for more politically conscious and educated society, more people in the world must watch documentaries.

The Health Benefits of Bananas

The health benefits of bananas http://ph. she. yahoo. com/health-beneflts-banana-092724299. html Bananas are one of the most famous common fruits amongst people of every age. Enjoyed in its various forms, bananas are eaten raw, accompanied with desserts, added In smoothies and consumed In many more ways too. Let us look at the benefits of eating this fruit. 1. It helps regulate blood pressure. Banana Is a fruit that contains high amount of potassium and low levels of salt. This combination helps to regulate the blood pressure. It reduces the risk of heart related diseases. 2. It strengthens your bones.The potassium content In bananas Is good for the health of your bones. Eating bananas on a regular basis can prevent your bones from deteriorating. Consuming bananas can also neutralize the amount of sodium In your body, which ultimately saves calcium to get washed out from your body. 3. It's energizing. Bananas are loaded with a lot of vitamins and minerals like Vitamin C and Vitamin 8 -6. Considering this fact, it is evident that eating the fruit can provide you with great energy. Pack yourself a couple of bananas to eat in the afternoon after your lunch as been digested and your stomach asks for some food. . It boosts bowel health. If you are suffering from constipation, banana is the fruit you need to pick. The fruit contains dietary fiber that aids the maintenance of the bowel system of your body. 5. It reduces stress. When you are in stress, the metabolic rate of your body shoots up and potassium levels consequently decrease. Eating a banana can thereby flush your body with potassium, which will automatically ease you and regularize your heartbeat. 6. It's brain food. The potassium in bananas also does wonders by making you more mentally alert.Research shows that this yellow fruit aids concentration and hence is a marvelous fuel for the brain. 7. It's rich in iron. People suffering from iron deficiency can resort to eating bananas. This fruit, which is rich i n iron, can supply your body with the amount of iron it needs. This can also benefit you when you are suffering from an injury and require the blood to clot faster with the help of hemoglobin. It is unimaginable how one tiny yellow colored fruit can give your body numerous health benefits. Include bananas In your breakfast, lunch, snack or dinner and enjoy the phenomenal benefits It Imparts your body with.The Health Benefits of Bananas By emapiag162 http://ph. she. yahoo. com/health-benefits-banana-092724299. html added in smoothies and consumed in many more ways too. Let us look at the benefits Banana is a fruit that contains high amount of potassium and low levels of salt. This The potassium content in bananas is good for the health of your bones. Eating bananas can also neutralize the amount of sodium in your body, which ultimately give your body numerous health benefits. Include bananas in your breakfast, lunch, snack or dinner and enjoy the phenomenal benefits it imparts your b ody with.

Discuss the character of Holmes Essay

Discuss the character of Holmes, the construction  of the stories and why the stories were and are so popular  Sherlock Holmes is one of the greatest and renowned detectives ever to exist, except for the fact that he is fictional, created by Sir Conan Doyle. Doyle began writing Sherlock Holmes from 1822. The character Sherlock Holmes, he devised was intensely influenced by one of his university professor encountered during a lecture. His works fascinated Doyle and we can see how it reflects to some of the things Sherlock Holmes does for e.g. his extraordinary deductive skills. Doyle has successfully prevailed upon the hearts of readers with his marvellous masterpieces. A famous museum has been dedicated on Holmes behalf for his outstanding temperament. One quite intriguing fact that proves just how phenomenal Sherlock Holmes is that Conan Doyle decided to withdraw Holmes in the year 1893, as he wanted to focus more on his other desires; however, he was unsuccessful as many readers protested upon this matter, while some even sent him death threats. Therefore, he was compelled to carry on and he did this by making the unstoppable detective Sherlock Holmes’ cheat a narrow death. So in this essay I will be analysing 3 stories: ‘A Scandal in Bohemia’, ‘The Speckled Band’ and ‘The Man with the Twisted Lip’ in which I will be marking out the distinct characteristics of Holmes that seems to attract everyone and Conan Doyle’s brilliant techniques used to captivate vast number of people.  First, I shall discuss about Sherlock Holmes himself in detail. He enjoys his work and is incredibly determined. Motivated by the actual work and not wealth, he devotes all his time and effort into solving mysteries as Watson notifies at the start of the ‘The Speckled Band’, ‘†¦for, working as he did rather for the love of his art than for the acquirement of wealth.’ Shortly afterwards Holmes declares this himself when his client Helen Stoner admits she can only reward him in a few months time; â€Å"As to reward, my profession is its own reward.† Although he does require Helen to pay for any expense occurred during the case; â€Å"but you are at liberty to defray whatever expenses I may be put to, at the time which suits you best.† I believe since Holmes does not accept (mostly) money as a payment to his practice, he does not have any money to pay for the expenses. I presume because of Holmes’ obsession towards his work, he will take any desperate measures he has to adopt in order to comprehend the truth as Watson encouragingly notifies in ‘The Man with the Twisted Lip’, â€Å"Sherlock Holmes was a man, however, who when he had an unsolved problem upon his mind would go for days, and even for week, without rest†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Due to this extreme dedication, he completes his objectives effectively and efficiently. Hence, the immortal figure and the eagerness for his position, awards Holmes a very positive effect on the reader. We learn about Holmes’ particular self-esteem, which to some extent can be very annoying and arrogant. For example, Sherlock Holmes cannot prevent himself from producing a soft amusement expression whenever someone fails to match his intelligence for e.g. in ‘A Scandal in Bohemia’ Watson baffled, says, ‘He chuckled to himself and rubbed his long nervous hands together,’ subsequent to Holmes’ brilliantly mastered deduction. It illustrates Holmes as quite an egotistical arrogant person and takes Watson for granted since the mild vague snigger may have been a trifle mock. It was not that Watson was just some ordinary person. He had achieved the title Doctor but even his attributes was nowhere near identical to the wit of Holmes. Holmes is only passionate about cases containing strange and abnormities; in ‘The Speckled Band’, Watson comments, â€Å"he refused to associate himself with any investigation which did not tend towards the unusual, and even the fantastic.† No wonder why all the cases seem to be of the most remarkable quality and from the fact that he worked in cases the official police discarded, â€Å"and clearing up those mysteries, which had been abandoned as hopeless by the official police,† mainly because of too much intricacy. Thus, the extraordinary power he acquires makes him a valuable utility for the police force. This however also presents him as an arrogant person who believes he is too good for the cases he assumes low skilled.

Piggys Demise essays

Piggy's Demise essays "Fancy thinking the Beast was something you could hunt and kill! You knew, didnt you? Im part of you? Close, close, close! Im the reason why its no go? Why things are what they are?" In William Goldings novel, Lord of the Flies, one particular theme is consistent throughout the novel. It shows how evil acts as a destructive force in which it is carried out on the island in reference to Piggys traits. In relation to this theme, Piggys character plays an important role within the novel. We can look at: Piggys glasses as being a deterioration of his hope, Jacks hatred for Piggy showing this corrupt force, and the death of Piggy portraying the savageness broken out everywhere on the island, to The destruction of Piggys glasses seems to be of a pattern which Jack carries out throughout the novel. This signifies Piggys gradual deterioration of hope. In chapter two, Jack roughly grabs Piggys glasses to start a fire. His specs-use them as burning glasses, Piggy was surrounded before he could back away. Here-Let me go! His voice rose to a shriek of terror as Jack snatched the glasses off his face. Mind out! Give em back! I can hardly see!... ( p.52-53 ) . The fire catches and blazes uncontrollably, nearly killing the boys. The fire foreshadows and symbolizes future hatred and the current evil against Piggy and soon the island. Also, in chapter four, when Piggy criticizes the hunter, Jack viciously slaps him, breaking one of the lens from his glasses. You would, would you? Fatty! Ralph made a step foreword and Jack smacked Piggys head. Piggys glasses flew off and tinkled on the rocks. Piggy cried out in terror: My specs! ( p. 89 ). Now Piggy has an even worse handicap: he is one lens short. Once again, Jack has managed ...

Use of Estar and Ser with Adjectives of Marital Status

Use of Estar and Ser with Adjectives of Marital Status If you are learning to speak Spanish, you may be wondering which word describing martial status is correct - soy casada or estoy casada? The quick answer is that theyre both correct! With adjectives of marital status - ones other than casado (married) include soltero (single), divorciado (divorced) and viudo (widowed), along with their feminine equivalents - estar and ser are more or less interchangeable. Difference Between Ser and Ester Although the differences between ser and estar are usually distinct, that just doesnt seem to be so with the adjectives of marital status, where youll often hear the two verbs used with little difference in meaning. In some areas, however, one or the other may be preferred, and estar probably has an edge in everyday speech, at least with casado. Even so, use of estar can suggest (but doesnt always) there has been a change in marital status. Thus, you might ask a new acquaintance  ¿es usted casado? if you see his marital status as part of his identity. But you might ask a friend you havent seen for a while  ¿ests casado? as a way of asking, Have you become married since I saw you last? or Are you still married? Similarities With Other Spanish Adjectives The same is true with very few adjectives, such as gordo (fat) and delgado (thin), that describe personal characteristics. Both es gordo and est gordo can be used to say he is fat, for example. The latter often suggests that there has been a change, while the former may suggest merely a description of the way a person is. So the choice of verb can suggest an attitude - estar may suggest a state of being at the moment, while ser may suggest an inherent characteristic. In fact, that is the safest way to make your verb choice, and estar must be used where indeed there has been a change. But in everyday descriptions, the distinction of meaning isnt always a sharply clear one.

HEALTH CARE POLICY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HEALTH CARE POLICY - Research Paper Example It was amended by the Health Care Education Reconciliation Act of 2001 that became a law on 30th of March, 2010. The bill was propositioned by the President Obama during the US presidential elections in 2008. He stressed upon the need of making some major reforms into the American healthcare system so that every citizen could get due healthcare facilities (Trumbull, 2010). The House of Representative and Senate of United States passed the health care reform bill in 2010. The core purpose of the bill is to provide policy lines to the private healthcare companies and to find out the ways through which it would be possible to provide all the residents of America with quality healthcare services in exchange for affordable expenses (Grier, 2010). The passage of this law has been widely regarded as an importance victory of Obama government that is expected to make healthcare facilities affordable for all the Americans as it expands the health coverage (http://whitehouse.gov). The essay aims to concisely describe the history of healthcare policy making in United Stated by identifying major bills and acts implemented so far and discuss in detail the Healthcare reform bill 2010 to explain the major issues and areas associated with the bill. The early steps in the area of healthcare reforms include the passage of Bill for the Benefit of the Indigent Insane in 1854 at federal level. The bill established asylum for the indigent insane and for the disable people like blinds, deaf and dumb with the help of the federal land grants given to the states. Dorothea Dix, a social activist proposed this bill that was passed by both the Houses of Congress but the President Franklin Pierce vetoed the bill and argues that state is responsible for social welfare and not the federal government has the responsibility to provide fund for this

Micro-environmental Factors of a Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Micro-environmental Factors of a Company - Essay Example Infosys is a large and developing company in information technology and consulting services and is now considered as one of the foremost technology companies of the world. Its rapid growth, innovative approach and corporate governance practices have attracted worldwide attention. Infosys started its operations in India in 1981 in a small way when a few technocrats joined hands and set up the company. Its phenomenal growth occurred after the government of India adopted economic liberalization in 1991. Presently Infosys employs over 100,000 people, operates virtually in all the major economies of the world and has revenues in excess of US$ 4.66 Billion (Annual Report, 2008-09). It offers software services in product engineering, reengineering, consulting, application and maintenance, business process outsourcing as well as independent testing and verification services. It clients span many sectors of industry and its services to banking, insurance and financial industry are some of its core activities – all executed in a pioneering way called the global delivery model (GDM), which according to their website, â€Å"†¦is based on the principle of taking work to the location where the best talent is available, where it makes the best economic sense, w ith the least amount of acceptable risk† (Infosys, 2009). This innovative approach gave birth to the concepts of off-shoring and outsourcing. Other major global and Indian software companies like Microsoft, Oracle, IBM, TCS, and WIPRO are the main competitors for Infosys in India and abroad.